rewrite in urdu Pharwala Fort in Kahuta Stands in Ruins, Stripped of Its Former Glory
About 35 kilometers from Islamabad, the ancient ruins of Pharwala Fort in Kahuta paint a somber picture of faded grandeur. Once a stronghold of regional military power, the fort now stands neglected, holding within its crumbling walls centuries of forgotten stories. While the Pothohar Plateau is home to many historical forts, Pharwala is among the most significant—older than even Rawat and Rohtas. It is believed to have been constructed nearly a thousand years ago.
A Legacy of Centuries
Historical records suggest the builders of the fort belonged to a tribe believed to have ancient roots in the Indian subcontinent. For centuries, they played a significant military role and later adopted Islam during the medieval period. Some historical texts differ, claiming the tribe may have arrived with foreign invaders who rewarded them with control over the Pothohar region.
According to DW,Most researchers agree that Pharwala Fort was established in the 11th century and served as a nearly impenetrable fortress through much of its history. It was briefly conquered during the Mughal era but later returned to local rulers through a peace settlement. Despite several attempts, later invaders were unable to seize it, instead choosing to build alternate forts to counter its influence. Strategically located with a river on one side and hills on the other, its natural defenses made it a formidable stronghold.
Construction and Structure
Originally, the fort had six gates—Haathi Gate, Fort Gate, Lashkari Gate, Ziyarat Gate, Bagh Gate, and Begum Gate. Today, only two of them survive in poor condition. Historically, it housed a large military presence, including 100 elephants, 5,000 horses, and 10,000 soldiers.
Inside the fort, little remains of its residential quarters. What is left shows that the structure was built using stone, red clay, and lime. A mosque, a tomb, a centuries-old banyan tree, and ancient graves are still visible—taking visitors centuries back in time.
Neglect and Decline
The decline of the fort began during the Sikh era and continued under British rule. After independence, the site changed hands and was eventually given to the federal government. However, decades of neglect led to severe deterioration. Portions of the walls collapsed, and surrounding homes began to encroach on the historical site.
Locals warn that the area surrounding the fort has become unsafe, with reports of criminal activity and no proper security or tourist infrastructure. The route to the fort is rough and lacks proper roads, making access difficult.
Efforts Toward Restoration
In 2023, a long-overdue conservation project was launched. This included clearing overgrown vegetation, reclaiming encroached land, and documenting the existing structures. Restoration work began with efforts to assess the extent of damage and determine the repairs needed for the walls, gates, and internal structures.
An area of around 48 kanals that had been taken over by developers was also recovered. A detailed report on restoration needs and budget requirements is expected soon.
Unearthing Hidden History
Recent discoveries suggest that some of the graves within the fort’s grounds belong to warriors who died in battle. Foundations of a later-era checkpoint were found built atop these graves, raising questions about the respect for the site’s historical sanctity. Items such as a silver ring and other artifacts have also been uncovered, and further archaeological investigation is ongoing.
Some historical references hint that the current fort may have been built on the foundations of an even older structure—leaving open the possibility of more significant discoveries in the future.
A Heritage Worth Preserving
With its natural beauty—mountains, rivers, and ancient architecture—the site holds great potential as a tourist destination. Conservationists are hopeful it can be developed into a historical attraction, giving people a chance to reconnect with the rich heritage it represents. Preserving this legacy is not only a matter of pride, but a responsibility for future generations.
